山東沿海與內(nèi)陸城市氣候變化特征及差異——以青島和濟南為例

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0046

首頁 > 過刊瀏覽>2025年第45卷第3期 >393-400. DOI:10.12306/2023jms.0046

山東沿海與內(nèi)陸城市氣候變化特征及差異——以青島和濟南為例
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0046
                    
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中圖分類號:P467
基金項目:山東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(ZR2020MD055);青島市氣象局科研課題(2019qdqxfw01)

Characteristics of climate change and differences of influence in coastal and inland cities of Shandong: taking Qingdao and Jinan as examples

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利用1961—2020年青島、濟南氣象資料,采用氣候傾向率、Mann-Kendall突變檢測等方法,對兩地氣候變化特征及其差異進行了分析。結(jié)果表明:兩地年平均氣溫、最高氣溫、最低氣溫均呈顯著增溫趨勢,青島增溫更快,2000s兩地氣溫變率均增大,濟南更高;年降水量青島減少、濟南增多,降水量氣候變率青島較濟南高。兩地短時強降水天氣均增多增強,城市內(nèi)澇災(zāi)害風(fēng)險均加大,濟南更為明顯;兩地夏季高溫、悶熱日數(shù)均增多,城市高溫、悶熱天氣災(zāi)害風(fēng)險加大,其中青島悶熱日數(shù)顯著增多,加之濕度大和平均風(fēng)速顯著減小,悶熱感受進一步加劇;兩地年大風(fēng)日數(shù)均顯著減少,年霧日數(shù)青島增多、濟南減少,青島年平均風(fēng)速和年霧日數(shù)氣候變率均明顯高于濟南,出現(xiàn)極端大風(fēng)、極端多霧事件的概率更高。

Abstract:

Based on the meteorological data of Qingdao and Jinan from 1961 to 2020, the characteristics of climate change and the differences in the two cities were analyzed by using climate tendency rate and Mann-Kendall abrupt change test. Results are as follows: the mean, maximum, and minimum temperature in both Qingdao and Jinan show a significant increase trend with Qingdao warming up more rapidly, and their climate variabilities of temperature go up in the 21st century, while Jinan sees a much greater value. The annual precipitation decreases in Qingdao and increases in Jinan, and the climate variabilities of precipitation in Qingdao are higher than those in Jinan.The short-term severe precipitation weather is multiplied and enhanced with higher risks of urban flooding disasters in the two cities, and it is more obvious in Jinan. In Qingdao and Jinan, the high temperature and stuffiness days in summer increase, adding to the corresponding disaster risks, and in Qingdao, the stuffiness days notably increase, people feel much stuffier along with the great humidity and remarkably reduced mean wind speed. The annual gale days significantly decrease in both Qingdao and Jinan, while the annual fog day’s increase in Qingdao and decrease in Jinan, the climate variabilities of annual mean wind speed and annual fog days in Qingdao are apparently higher than those in Jinan, and it has higher probability of extreme gale and extreme fog events.

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楊蕾,鄒瑾,褚穎佳,李德萍.山東沿海與內(nèi)陸城市氣候變化特征及差異——以青島和濟南為例.氣象科學(xué),2025,45(3):393-400 YANG Lei, ZOU Jin, CHU Yingjia, LI Deping. Characteristics of climate change and differences of influence in coastal and inland cities of Shandong: taking Qingdao and Jinan as examples. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(3):393-400

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收稿日期:2023-05-09
最后修改日期:2023-05-24
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-08-30
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