雨后兩次強濃霧的爆發(fā)性增強過程

doi:10.3969/2017jms.0015

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雨后兩次強濃霧的爆發(fā)性增強過程
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                        10.3969/2017jms.0015
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.4
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目（41575135；41675135）；國家自然科學基金重點資助項目（41575148）

The burst reinforcement process of the twice heavy fog after the rain

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2015年12月在南京市郊進行霧的外場綜合試驗，觀測得到20-21日雨后兩次強濃霧的爆發(fā)性增強過程。利用常規(guī)氣象資料、邊界層廓線、霧滴譜等，分析此次典型霧過程的天氣背景和邊界層結構特征，探討霧爆發(fā)性增強的原因。結果表明：雨后地表及近地層高濕環(huán)境為霧的形成提供了充足的水汽，南京冬季冷高壓控制下穩(wěn)定的天氣層結，以及夜間的輻射冷卻作用，極有利于輻射霧的產生。而霧的爆發(fā)性增強，主要和降溫與增濕有關。晴天夜間地表向上長波輻射增強引起的強降溫，日出后地面的強蒸發(fā)作用使得近地表水汽增多，都可直接引起霧的爆發(fā)性變濃。強的貼地逆溫層的形成是霧爆發(fā)性增強的關鍵，易于近地面水汽的積累。而超低空急流的產生，有利于加速逆溫層的貼地增強。

Abstract:

A comprehensive field experiment of fog was carried out in the north suburb of Nanjing in December 2015. The burst reinforcement process of heavy fog after the rain was observed twice on 20-21 December. Using the conventional meteorological data, boundary layer profiles, fog droplet spectrum and so on, the weather background and boundary layer structure were analyzed, and some reasons about burst reinforcement of fog were discussed. Results show that the high humidity environment at ground and surface layer after rain provides sufficient moisture for the formation of fog, and the stable weather stratification controlled by the winter cold high-pressure in Nanjing and the radiation cooling at night are highly favorable to the generation of radiation fog. The burst reinforcement of fog is mainly related to the cooling and wetting. The strong cooling caused by the enhancement of upward long wave radiation at ground at the sunny night, and the increased moisture at near surface caused by the strong evaporation at ground after sunrise can directly give rise to the burst reinforcement of fog. The formation of the strong ground inversion layer is the key to the burst reinforcement of fog, and is favorable to the accumulation of moisture near the ground. The generation of the ultra-low-level jet will speed up the reinforcement of the ground inversion layer.

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梁綿,楊軍,王巍巍,嚴文蓮,濮梅娟.雨后兩次強濃霧的爆發(fā)性增強過程.氣象科學,2019,39(2):153-163 LIANG Mian, YANG Jun, WANG Weiwei, YAN Wenlian, PU Meijuan. The burst reinforcement process of the twice heavy fog after the rain. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2019,39(2):153-163

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收稿日期:2016-11-25
最后修改日期:2017-01-10
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-06-01
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