長(zhǎng)江三角洲城市群對(duì)夏季降水影響機(jī)制的模擬研究

doi:10.3969/2013jms.0039

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長(zhǎng)江三角洲城市群對(duì)夏季降水影響機(jī)制的模擬研究
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                        10.3969/2013jms.0039
                    
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基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41275021);國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2010CB428504);上海氣象局研究型業(yè)務(wù)專項(xiàng)(YJ201404)

Simulation on mechanism of urbanization effects on summer precipitation over the Yangtze River Delta

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利用耦合了單層城市冠層模型UCM的中尺度模式WRF,對(duì)長(zhǎng)江三角洲城市群夏季城市化效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了5 a(2003—2007年)高分辨數(shù)值模擬,并作了長(zhǎng)江三角洲地區(qū)有無(wú)城市的對(duì)比試驗(yàn).結(jié)果表明,城市化使得長(zhǎng)三角城市群及其鄰近地區(qū),夏季近地層水汽混合比呈明顯減少趨勢(shì),而850~700 hPa層的水汽混合比有所增大.通過(guò)對(duì)比有與無(wú)城市各等級(jí)降水日所對(duì)應(yīng)的2 m水汽混合比,得出小雨降水日對(duì)應(yīng)的2 m水汽混合比差異與總降水日對(duì)應(yīng)的差異最為接近.通過(guò)分析環(huán)流場(chǎng)、散度場(chǎng)和垂直速度場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn),水汽混合比的垂直變化是由于城市群的存在使得近地層輻合、850~700 hPa層輻散的配置增強(qiáng),以及在城市群上空增強(qiáng)了的垂直上升運(yùn)動(dòng),從而增強(qiáng)城區(qū)對(duì)流活動(dòng),水汽的垂直輸送也更為活躍,由此可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)流性降水的增加.

Abstract:

The Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model coupled with a single-layer urban canopy model(UCM)is used to simulate numerically the summer urbanization effects with high resolution during 2003-2007 over the Yangtze River Delta. The comparison of two experiments with urban land cover(URB) determined by MODIS satellite observations and without urban areas(NOURB) shows that the water vapor mixing ratio near the surface in urban and adjacent areas decreases obviously, while at higher level (850-700 hPa), it increases. By comparing URB and NOURB experiments of water vapor mixing ratio at 2 m in rainy days at each level, the difference in light rainy days is closest to that in all summer days. The results of the analysis on the circulation, divergence field and vertical speed show that the changes in vertical structure of water vapor mixing ratio is due to stronger lower-level convergence and higher-level(850-700 hPa) divergence caused by urbanization, which enhances convection in urbanized areas and makes the vertical transportation of water vapor more active, so as to bring more convective precipitation.

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敖翔宇,任雪娟,湯劍平,楊修群.長(zhǎng)江三角洲城市群對(duì)夏季降水影響機(jī)制的模擬研究.氣象科學(xué),2014,34(6):684-691 AO Xiangyu, REN Xuejuan, TANG Jianping, YANG Xiuqun. Simulation on mechanism of urbanization effects on summer precipitation over the Yangtze River Delta. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2014,34(6):684-691

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收稿日期:2013-03-09
最后修改日期:2013-05-04
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-01-14
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